Correlation between HBV-DNA levels, SOAT1 expression and differentiation of hepatocellular carcinoma / 中国热带医学

@#Abstract: Objective　To investigate the correlation between HBV-DNA level, sterol O-acyltransferase (SOAT1) expression and tumor differentiation of hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods　The clinical and HBV-DNA level data from 58 cases of HBV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma were collected, and the cancer tissues and their paired paracancerous tissues were collected to detect SOAT1 expression by immunohistochemistry and evaluate tumor differentiation. Correlation was statistically analyzed using chi-square tests. Results　The high-level rate of HBV-DNA in the SOAT1 high expression group was 81.1% (30/37) compared to 19.1% (4/21) of the SOAT1 low expression group, with statistical significance, and there was also a correlation between SOAT1 expression and HBV-DNA levels (χ2=21.253,P<0.05). In the low differentiation hepatocellular carcinoma group, the rate of HBV-DNA high levels was 71.1% (27/38), while it was 35.0% (7/20) in the well-moderate differentiation group, with statistical significance. There was also a significant correlation between HBV-DNA levels and tumor differentiation degree (χ2=7.021,P<0.05). The overall positive rate of SOAT1 expression in all collected cases was 63.8% (37/58), with no expression (0/58) detected in all paired paracancerous tissues, with statistical significance (P<0.05). Furthermore, the expression level of SOAT1 protein in cancer tissues was correlated with the degree of tumor differentiation (χ2=19.889,P<0.05). SOAT1 was generally highly expressed in the low differentiated case group, with a positive rate of 84.2% (32/38), while SOAT1 was generally low expression or no expression in HCC samples with a higher degree of differentiation, with only a few samples exhibiting high expression, with a high expression rate of 25.0% (5/20). Conclusions　There is a correlation between HBV-DNA levels and hepatocellular carcinoma differentiation degree, with higher levels of HBV-DNA detected in low differentiation tumors. Additionally, the expression level of SOAT1 is also related to the degree of differentiation of hepatocellular carcinoma, and the expression level of SOAT1 in low differentiated carcinoma is also higher. Furthermore, there is a positive correlation between HBV-DNA levels and SOAT1 expression levels, and SOAT1 is a key enzyme involved in cellular lipid metabolism. These findings suggest that HBV infection may affect the function and level of SOAT1, which may interfere with hepatocyte lipid metabolism and participate in tumor genesis and evolution.

Application of digital 3D printed model combined with case-based learning in practice teaching of oral and maxillofacial surgery / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To investigate the application effect of the combined teaching model of digital 3D printed model and Tencent conference in case-based learning (CBL) teaching of oral and maxillofacial surgery.Methods:A total of 80 undergraduates in the classes of 2015 and 2016 were selected from School of Stomatology, Qingdao University. The students in the class of 2015 received traditional teaching, and those in the class of 2016 received the combined CBL teaching model of 3D printed model and Tencent conference. A questionnaire survey was used to evaluate the teaching effect, and theoretical examination was used to assess comprehensive abilities of the two groups. SPSS 24.0 was used to perform the chi-square test and the t-test. Results:There was no significant difference in the degree of satisfaction with teaching between the combined CBL teaching model of 3D printed model and Tencent conference and the traditional teaching model ( P>0.05), and both models were generally recognized and accepted by students. The experimental group had a significantly higher score than the control group (94.05±4.16 vs. 86.10±3.37, P<0.05). Conclusion:The combined teaching model of digital 3D printed model and Tencent conference integrates the advantages of the Internet and digital information and thus provides a certain reference for the teaching methods for other majors in stomatology.

Preliminary Study on Screening and Identification of Lewis a Antigen Mimic Epitope in Alpaca Phage Display Nanobody Library / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To establish a new method for synthesizing Lewis blood group antigens, that is, the mimotopes of Lewis blood group antigens were screened by using an alpaca phage display nanobody library.@*METHODS@#We selected mimotopes of the Lewis a (lea) antigen by affinity panning of an alpaca phage display nanobody library using a monoclonal anti-lea antibody. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to test the affinity of the positive clones for the monoclonal anti-lea antibody, and the high-affinity positive clones were selected for sequencing and synthesis. Finally, the sensitivity, specificity and reactivity of the synthesized lea mimotope in clinical samples were verified by ELISA.@*RESULTS@#A total of 96 phage clones were randomly selected, and 24 were positive. Fourteen positive clones with the highest affinity were selected for sequencing. The result showed that there were 5 different sequences, among which 3 sequences with the highest frequency, largest difference and highest affinity were selected for expression and synthesis. The sensitivity and specificity of lea mimic antigen by ELISA showed that, the minimum detection limit of gel microcolumn assay (GMA) and ELISA method were 25 times different, and the lea mimic antigen had no cross reacted with the other five unrelated monoclonal antibodies(P<0.001). Finally, 30 clinical plasma samples were analyzed. The mean absorbance of the 15 positive plasma samples was significantly higher than that of the 15 negative plasma samples (P=0.02). However, the positive signal values of the clinical samples were much lower than those of the monoclonal antibodies.@*CONCLUSION@#A new method of screening lea mimic antigen by using alpaca phage nanoantibody library has been established, which is expected to realize the screening of lea mimotopes, thus realizing the application of high-sensitivity detection methods such as ELISA and chemiluminescence in blood group antibody identification.

A Novel Lyophilized PRP-Loaded Gel Based on Chitosan and PEG with Hemostatic and Antibacterial Properties / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#A dynamic gel loaded with lyophilized platelet-rich plasma-chitosan/difunctionalized polyethylene glycol (LPRP-CP) was prepared to investigate its hemostatic antibacterial and promoting wound healing of scald wounds through in vitro and in vivo experiments.@*METHODS@#In this study, normal gauze/blank tablet (Ctrl), LPRP-CP, Chitosan HUCHUANG Powder(Chito P)and ChitoGauze XP PRO group (Chito G group) were set. The hemostatic effect and promoting healing effect of the four groups of materials were evaluated by establishing rabbit ear artery hemorrhage model and superficial Ⅱ° scalded model of skin on the back. The hemostatic time and bleeding amount were calculated and the gross and histological results of scald healing were observed. The antibacterial effect of the four groups of materials was evaluated by antibacterial test in vitro.@*RESULTS@#In the rabbit ear arterial hemorrhage model, the hemostasis of all materials was successful. The hemostatic time of Ctrl, Chito P, LPRP-CP and Chito G groups was 213.33±38.30, 118.33±24.01, 115.00±8.37 and 111.67±11.69 s, respectively. The blood loss was 1233.83±992.27, 346.67±176.00, 193.33±121.47 and 147.50±80.66 mg, respectively. Compared with Ctrl, the hemostasis time of LPRP-CP, Chito P and Chito G group was significantly shorter (P<0.001), and the amount of blood loss of LPRP-CP and Chito G group was decreased (P<0.05). Compared with LPRP-CP, there were no significant differences in hemostatic time and blood loss between Chito P and Chito G group (P>0.05). In the model of superficial Ⅱ° scalded on the back of rabbit, the wound healing rate of LPRP-CP was faster than that of the other three groups at the same time, and the healing effect was perfect. In the antibacterial test in vitro, only LPRP-CP had better anti-S. aureus effect, and all groups had no anti-E. coli effect.@*CONCLUSION@#LPRP-CP is an excellent hemostatic material for superficial wounds, and has certain antibacterial and wound healing effects, which has a wide academic value and research prospects.

Anti-cancer Mechanism of "Clematis Radix et Rhizoma-Trichosanthis Radix" Based on Network Pharmacology / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To explore the potential targets and mechanism of action of "Clematis Radix et Rhizoma-Trichosanthis Radix" based on network pharmacology. Method:Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology Analysis Platform（TCMSP） was used to screen out active ingredients and corresponding target proteins of Clematis Radix et Rhizoma and Trichosanthis Radix according to oral bioavailability（OB） and drug likeness（DL），cancer disease targets were screened out using GeneCards and OMIM databases，R language software was used to screen out common targets of clematis，trichosanthin and cancer diseases， Cytoscape 3.7.2 software was used to construct a network map of "drug-active ingredient-disease-target"， STRING database was used to draw protein protein interaction（PPI）of common target proteins， R language software was used to perform enrichment analysis of gene ontology（GO） functions and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes（KEGG） channels on effective targets. Result:A total of 9 effective active ingredients were obtained from Clematis Radix et Rhizoma-Trichosanthis Radix powder pair. A total of 31 target genes were searched，and 814 relevant target genes were searched from cancer diseases. The two kinds of relevant target genes were matched to obtain 9 common target genes，which mainly involved endopeptidase，cysteine-type endopeptidase activities involving in the apoptosis process and cancer necrosis factor receptor superfamily binding and other biological processes，and played a role in the treatment of cancers by regulating apoptosis，measles，hepatitis B，kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection，p53，interleukin-17（IL-17），tumor necrosis factor（TNF） and many other pathways. Conclusion:The mechanism of Clematis Radix et Rhizoma-Trichosanthis Radix in the treatment of cancer is preliminarily studied. Clematis Radix et Rhizoma-Trichosanthis Radix has multiple active ingredients and can play a role in treating cancer through multiple targets and multiple pathways.

Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Treating Late Onset Hyponatremia / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:The Meta-analysis was used to systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine in treating Late onset hyponatremia （late onset hyponatremia，LOH）. Method:Pubmed，Web of Science，China Knowledge Base Database （CNKI），Wanfang Database （WanFang），Weipu Full-text Periodical Database（VIP），Chinese Biomedical Literature Database （CBM）were retrieved to collect randomized controlled trials of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） for treatment of LOH. Two researchers independently screened out the literatures， extracted the data， conducted quality assessment by Cochrance bias risk assessment tool，and made Meta-analysis by RevMan 5.3.5 software. Result:Nine eligible documents were finally included. Meta-analysis results showed that the test group was superior to the control group in improving patient's physical fitness/cardiovascular score ［mean deviation（MD）=-1.42，95% CI（-2.39，-0.45），<italic>P</italic>=0.004］ and psycho-psychological score［MD=-0.74，95% CI（-1.26，-0.22），<italic>P</italic>=0.005］，with no statistically significant difference between test group and control group in sexual function score ［MD=-0.68，95% CI（-1.38，-0.03），<italic>P</italic>=0.06］，serum testosterone （TT） concentration［MD=-0.68，95% CI（-1.38，-0.03），<italic>P</italic>=0.06］ and effective rate ［odds ratio（OR）=1.57，95% CI（0.64，3.88），<italic>P</italic>=0.33］. Conclusion:TCM is equivalent to western medicine（testosterone undecanoate）in the treatment of late onset hypogonadism， and better than western medicine in improving patients' physical fitness/cardiovascular score and mental and psychological score.

Therapeutic Principles and Medication Regularity of Chinese Medicine for Treatment of Urolithiasis / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To explore the therapeutic principles and medication regularity of Chinese medicine for the treatment of urolithiasis based on data mining and literature research. Method:Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure（CNKI） was searched for the clinical research papers on Chinese medicinal compounds for the treatment of urolithiasis published from database inception to November 10，2020. Therapeutic methods and Chinese medicinal compounds were extracted from the included papers，and the frequencies of therapeutic methods and the drugs in the Chinese medicinal compounds，as well as the efficacies were analyzed. The medication regularity of high-frequency drugs was explored by association rule analysis and cluster analysis. Result:A total of 247 papers and 247 Chinese medicinal compounds were included，and 209 drugs were involved. Those with high frequencies included Lysimachiae Herba，Galli Gigerii Endothelium Corneum，Lygodii Spora，Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix，Pyrrosiae Folium，Plantaginis Semen，and Talcum. The drugs with the highest frequency were effective in promoting urination，draining dampness，and activating blood to resolve stasis，followed by those in tonifying deficiency，regulating Qi，and purgation. Galli Gigerii Endothelium Corneum，Clematidis Radix et Rhizoma，and Succinum were used as specialized drugs targeting the syndrome. Association rule analysis showed that Lysimachiae Herba，Galli Gigerii Endothelium Corneum，and Lygodii Spora were commonly used in pairwise or ternary combination，followed by the pairwise combinations of Lysimachiae Herba with Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix，Pyrrosiae Folium，and Plantaginis Semen. High-frequency drugs were clustered into four categories by clustering analysis. Thirty-one therapeutic principles were employed in the 247 Chinese medicinal compounds. The ones with the highest frequency were clearing heat and eliminating dampness，resolving stasis and promoting urination，and tonifying kidney and replenishing qi. Conclusion:For the treatment of urolithiasis，promoting urination and draining dampness is the core therapeutic principle，and activating blood to resolve stasis is the important therapeutic principle，while tonifying is the potential therapeutic principle. The medication for urolithiasis is featured by specialized drugs targeting the syndrome.

Review of historical evaluation and modern application of Chinese materia medica fumigation in prevention of epidemic disease / 中草药

The fumigation of Chinese herbal medicines, such as Artemisiae Argyi Folium, Atractylodis Rhizoma, and Angelicae Dahuricae Radix, is one of the creations of ancient Chinese medical practitioners during the struggle against the disease for thousands of years. Researches have showed the application of fumigation of Chinese medicinal materials in clinical practice, and there are clear pharmacological studies to prove its related effective ingredients. Therefore, we review the historical evolution and modern application progress of Chinese materia medica fumigation. In the light of the infectious features of COVID-19 including air droplet transmission and even possible aerosol transmission, the corresponding Chinese herbal medicine fumigation should be recommended and used in hospitals, communities, and families, which is expected to play an important role in fighting disease infections.

Multidisciplinary team model for patients with oral cancer and systemic diseases: an expert consensus / 华西口腔医学杂志

Large general hospitals currently play an increasingly important role in the diagnosis and treatment for acute critical patients and difficult diseases because of the development of dual referral system and hierarchical diagnosis, as well as the formation of medical treatment alliance. Patients with oral cancers are often associated with systemic diseases, which increases the complexity of the condition. Thus, meeting the demand through the traditional single medical model is difficult. As such, a multidisciplinary team (MDT) model has been proposed and has achieved a good clinical effect. To standardize the application of this model, we organized an event in which relevant experts discussed and formulated a consensus to provide standardized suggestions on the MDT process and the diagnosis and treatment of common systemic diseases as reference for clinical practice.

Network Pharmacology Research of Wuzi Yanzongwan in Treatment of Male Infertility / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:Exploring the material basis and mechanism of Wuzi Yanzongwan in the treatment of male infertility based on network pharmacology. Method:Traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform(TCMSP) was used to screen the active ingredients and targets in Wuzi Yanzongwan. GeneCards, OMIM and PharmGkb databases were used to screen the targets of male infertility. R language software was used to screen common targets of drugs and diseases, Pharmaceutical active ingredients-disease target interaction network was constructed by using Cytoscape software. The common target protein interaction network (PPI) was constructed by STRING platform, the gene ontology(GO) analysis of common target was analyzed by ClueGo plug-in, and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG) pathway was enriched by R language software. Result:A total of 72 active ingredients were obtained from Wuzi Yanzongwan, and 35 possible targets for the treatment of male infertility were obtained. These targets are mainly involved in biological processes such as oxidation and antioxidant activity, and are mainly concentrated in phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/Akt) and hypoxia inducible factor-1(HIF-1) signaling pathways. Conclusion:The network pharmacology confirmed the multi-component, multi-target and multi-pathway action characteristics of Wuzi Yanzongwan, predicted the possible mechanism of Wuzi Yanzongwan in the treatment of male infertility, and provided theoretical basis for further study of its active ingredients and mechanism.

Experimental study of toluidine blue-dextran-40 as lymphatic tracer in head and neck region / 中华口腔医学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the feasibility and application value of toluidine bule-dextran-40 (TB-Dex-40) as the tracer for lymphatic system in head and neck region.@*Methods@#Twenty healthy adult New Zealand white rabbits were equally divided into two groups: the experimental group (TB-Dex-40 group, n=10) and the control group (TB group, n=10). Rabbits in experimental group received submucosal injection of 1.0% (0.14 mOsm/L) TB-Dex-40, and the control group received injection of 1.0% (32.60 mOsm/L) TB.The staining time and fading time of lymphatic vessels and lymphnodes in the neck region were recorded, and the diffusion ranges of the two dyes in the tongue region were measured. Lymph nodespecimen were collected for pathological examination after 10 min, 1 hour and 4 weeks of staining. The experimental animals were sacrificed before and 4 weeks after the experiment. After death, organs of heart, lung, liver and kidney were examined pathologically.@*Results@#TB-Dex-40 reached sentinel lymph node (SLN) and stained lymphatic vessels at an average of (21.67±0.19) s after injection, while in control group was(3.22±0.34) s (P<0.01). The time difference between the two dyes reaching sentinel lymph nodes was statistically significant.The durations from lymphatic staining to marked fading were (19.70±1.34) min in experimental group and (14.30±0.95) min in control group, respectively.The difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). SLN staining by TB-Dex-40 was still evident after 4 weeks, while TB staining has completely faded after 2 d.The average ranges of diffusionin tongue were (10.50±1.08) mm in experimental group and (20.00±1.05) mm in controlgroup, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.01).No abnormalities were found in blood test and pathological examination of main organs.@*Conclusions@#TB-Dex-40 has high specificity forstaining lymphatic vessels and is a good tracer with potential clinical value.

Overdenture restoration after mandibular fibular graft combined with dental implant surgery: a case report / 华西口腔医学杂志

This paper reports a case of a 28-year-old male patient with mandibular fibular graft. The patient underwent dental implant surgery. The left portion of the patient's mandible was resected because of ameloblastoma and restored by vascularized fibular grafting. Four implants were implanted in the fibular graft area after 2 years, and the area was restored with a pure titanium casting rod, Locator abutment, and overdenture. This case provides a feasible solution for the restoration of a fibular graft with a dental implant. The characteristics of the restoration method are described. We hope to improve the quality of life of patients with fibular grafts.

Study on the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 and its effect on prognosis in fat embolism mice model / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective • To investigate the effect of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in the pathological injury in fat embolism mice model. Methods • One hundred and twenty male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 10 groups. One group was set as blank control group, and others were injected separately with 1, 2…9 μL/g of allogeneic perirenal fat via tail vein, respectively. The mortality of each group was counted, median lethal dose (LD50) of fat injection in mice was calculated by Bliss method, and the fat embolism LD50 mice model was established. The TLR4 protein expression in the pulmonary tissue of surviving mice was detected by Western blotting. Sixty male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into the control group (the same dose of saline was given via tail vein) and the experimental groups (group 2 h, group 8 h, group 24 h and group 48 h, the LD50 fat was given via tail vein). The TLR4 protein expression at different time after fat injection was detected by Western blotting. The mortality of 20 TLR4 gene-knockout mice (TLR4-/- mice) was recorded and compared with 60 wild-type mice after LD50 fat injection. Results • The LD50 of fat embolism mice model was (3.93±0.78) μL/g. After the injection of 1-7 μL/g fat, the expressions of TLR4 protein in the pulmonary tissue of all seven groups were significantly increased, compared with the control group (all P=0.000). In the fat embolism LD50 mice model, compared with the control group, the expressions of TLR4 protein in group 2 h were significantly increased (P=0.005). Then, expression level of TLR4 protein was gradually reduced after 2 h, and there was no significant difference between the control group and group 48 h. The mortality of TLR4-/- mice injected with LD50 fat was lower than that of wild-type mice (P=0.043). Conclusion • TLR4 protein involves in the pathologic process of fat embolism syndrome. The knockout of TLR4 gene can reduce the mortality of fat embolism mice. TLR4 and its correlated non-infectious inflammatory response may be an important molecular mechanism of biochemical injury in fat embolism syndrome. Blocking the activation of TLR4-mediated signaling pathway can significantly improve the prognosis, which provides new basis for the prevention, evaluation and treatment of fat embolism syndrome.

Study on the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 and its effect on prognosis in fat embolism mice model / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective · To investigate the effect of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in the pathological injury in fat embolism mice model. Methods · One hundred and twenty male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 10 groups. One group was set as blank control group, and others were injected separately with 1, 2…9 μL/g of allogeneic perirenal fat via tail vein, respectively. The mortality of each group was counted, median lethal dose (LD50) of fat injection in mice was calculated by Bliss method, and the fat embolism LD50 mice model was established. The TLR4 protein expression in the pulmonary tissue of surviving mice was detected by Western blotting. Sixty male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into the control group (the same dose of saline was given via tail vein) and the experimental groups (group 2 h, group 8 h, group 24 h and group 48 h, the LD50 fat was given via tail vein).The TLR4 protein expression at different time after fat injection was detected by Western blotting. The mortality of 20 TLR4 gene-knockout mice (TLR4-/-mice) was recorded and compared with 60 wild-type mice after LD50 fat injection. Results · The LD50 of fat embolism mice model was (3.93±0.78) μL/g.After the injection of 1-7 μL/g fat, the expressions of TLR4 protein in the pulmonary tissue of all seven groups were significantly increased, compared with the control group (all P=0.000). In the fat embolism LD50 mice model, compared with the control group, the expressions of TLR4 protein in group2 h were significantly increased (P=0.005). Then, expression level of TLR4 protein was gradually reduced after 2 h, and there was no significant difference between the control group and group 48 h. The mortality of TLR4-/- mice injected with LD50 fat was lower than that of wild-type mice (P=0.043).Conclusion · TLR4 protein involves in the pathologic process of fat embolism syndrome. The knockout of TLR4 gene can reduce the mortality of fat embolism mice. TLR4 and its correlated non-infectious inflammatory response may be an important molecular mechanism of biochemical injury in fat embolism syndrome. Blocking the activation of TLR4-mediated signaling pathway can significantly improve the prognosis, which provides new basis for the prevention, evaluation and treatment of fat embolism syndrome.

Research on influence of environment factors to yield and quality traits of Perilla frutescen / 中国中药杂志

The research is aimed to study of the influence of environmental factors on the yield and quality traits, and find out the regularity of the growth and development of perilla. The main environmental factor data in six ecological area in Guizhou province were collected, and the correlation analysis with yield and quality traits of 15 perilla strains was conducted. The results showed that the cultivation environment has significant effects on the yield and quality traits of perilla. The effect of environment on main yield composed traits, contained grain number in top spike, effective panicle number per plant, plant height, top spike length, growth period, and thousand seed weight was degressive. In the different environmental factors, the latitude showed positive correlation with yield, growth period and effective panicle number per plant, and negative correlation with top spike length and grain number in top spike. Elevation showed negative correlation with the growth period of perilla. The perilla yield increased at first and then decreased with altitude rising, with the maximum in the 800 m altitude. The 600-900 m altitude is suitable area for perilla. Except for positive correlation with the plant height, and negative correlation with top spike length, the longitude showed in apparent impact on other traits. Sunshine duration, temperature and rainfall accumulation showed different effect on the different perilla strains. For yield composed traits, the sunshine duration was negatively correlation with the plant length. The accumulated temperature and mean temperature showed negative correlation with the main spike length, the rainfall showed negative correlation with the precipitation and growth period, plant height, ear number. The environmental impact on the oil compounds decreased with oleic acid, stearic acid, linoleic acid, -linolenic acid, palmitic acid and oil content. Correlation analysis showed that the significantly negative correlation between the oil content and palmitic acid and linoleic acid content, and the positive correlation between linolenic acid content, -linolenic acid content showed significant negative correlation with other fatty acids composition, and palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid showed significant positive correlation with each other. The influence of different environmental factors on the quality of perilla were as follows: the oil content was positively associated with elevation and sunshine duration. -Linolenic acid content showed negative correlation with longitude, latitude, accumulated temperature and mean temperature, but positive correlation with altitude, sunlight and rainfall capacity. The correlation between palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and environmental factors showed contrast character of -linolenic acid. This study detailed discussed the influence of environmental factors on the quality of perilla, which provided the foundation of ecological planting technology and geoherbalism research of perilla.

Real-time quantitative PCR assay with TaqMan probe for rapid detection of colistin resistance mcr-1 gene / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective To establish a sensitive real-time quantitative PCR assay with TaqMan probe for rapid detection of mcr-1 gene in clinical isolated strains. Methods According to the mcr-1 gene sequence, a pair of specific primers and a TaqMan probe were designed. Moreover, a recombinant plasmid with mcr-1 gene was constructed as the positive standard. TaqMan probe-based fluorescence quantitative PCR assay was used to detect the colistin resistance gene mcr-1. The sensitivity, repeatability and specificity of the assay were evaluated. Results There was a good linear relationship between the initial template amount and Ct value (R2>0. 999). The lower limit of detection was 10 copies/μL, which was 100 times more sensitive than the conventional PCR. Results of test for specificity showed that only the strains carrying the mcr-1 gene were positive, while the remaining strains were negative. Coefficients of variation of intra-and inter-group repeatability tests were less than 1％. Two out of 150 clinical isolated strains carried mcr-1 re-sistance gene and both of them were identified as Escherichia coli. Conclusion TaqMan probe-based fluo-rescence quantitative PCR for the detection of colistin resistance gene mcr-1 was established with strong spe-cificity, high sensitivity and good repeatability. It could be used for the specific detection of clinical drug-re-sistant strains positive for mcr-1 gene and provide reference for pharmacotherapy.

Quantitative Study on Articular Cartilage By Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopic Imaging and Support Vector Machine / 分析化学

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic imaging (FTIRSI) technology can simultaneously obtain microstructure information and infrared spectral information of the samples. The method of FTIRSI combined with chemometric algorithms can be used for quantitative analysis of sample spectral information and tissue discrimination research. Based on this, FTIRSI and support vector machine classification (SVC) for the first time were used in this work to discriminate healthy and degenerated articular cartilage, with high accuracies of 100％ and 95. 4％ , respectively, and sum accuracy of 97. 7％ . The support vector regression (SVR) model was used to quantitatively study the contents and distribution of two biomacromolecules, collagen and proteoglycan, in articular cartilage. The proteoglycan loss occurred in the degenerated articular cartilage, especially in the superficial area. This study indicates that the combination of FTIRSI and support vector machine (SVM) is expected to become a new diagnostic tool for osteoarthritis, which is of great significance for the early diagnosis and research of osteoarthritis.

Evaluation and application of double antibody sandwich ELISA kit for micro-quantitative soluble complement receptor 1 protein in human serum / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To evaluate the repeatability and stability of double antibody sandwich ELISA kit for micro-quantitative soluble complement receptor 1(sCR1) in human serum and to understand its practical application effect .Methods 50 patients with middle and advanced liver cirrhosis and 50 individuals undergoing physical examination served as the liver disease group and normal control group respectively .The mouse anti-human CD35 monoclone antibody ,rabbit anti-human sCR1 polyclonal antibody and goat anti-rabbit IgG labeled by horseradish peroxidase served as the envelope antibody ,sandwich antibody and detection antiboby .The purified recombinant human sCR1 protein served as the standard substance .The human serum micro-quantitative double antibody sandwich CR1 ELISA kit was established .Then the repeatability and stability tests were performed .Then the sCR1 protein level of two group of serum was detected by this kit .Results The linear range of double antibody sandwich ELISA for detecting human se-rum micro-quantitative sCR1 protein was 15 .60 -250 .00 ng/mL ;the regression equation of sCR1 protein concentration to absor-bance value was Y=112 .10X2 +18 .21X+1 .694(r2 =0 .998);in the repeatability test ,the intra-batch relative standard deviation (RSD) in high and low concentrations of standard substance detection value was 6 .20% and 7 .40% respectively ,the inter-batch RSD was 6 .70% and 7 .90% respectively ;in the stability test ,RSD was not more than 0 .01;the serum sCR1 expression level in the liver disease group was significantly higher than that in the normal control group (P<0 .01) .Conclusion The human serum double antibody sandwich ELISA kit for detecting human sCR1 has wide linear range ,good repeatability ,is easy to be stored and suitable for clini-cal and scientific research detection work .

Midterm outcomes following acute kidney failure after surgery for acute type A aortic dissection / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective This study aims to analyze midterm survival and to assess the midterm mortality following acute kidney failure (AKF) of patients undergoing surgical treatment of acute type A aortic dissection.Methods Clinical data of the patients who underwent Sun's procedure from February 2009 to March 2015 were collected.Patients with preoperative dialysis were excluded.Data including preoperative cardiovascular diseases,serum creatinine leve1 and CPB time were gathered.The patients were divided into the group of AKF and the group of non-AKF accounting to require dialysis.The group of AKF was follow-up by phone.Midterm mortality was studied with Cox analysis and midterm survival was estimated by Kaplan-Meier analysis.Results 524 patients underwent aortic surgeries which AKF was occurred in 51 (51/524,9.7％) patients.Hospital mortality was 23.5％ (12/51) in AKF group which seven death were strokes,three death were lower-extremity ischemia and two death were low cardio output.There were 2 patients dead with multi organ failure and paraplegia in first year.One reoperation patient because of anastomotic fistula was dead in fifth year.Only diabetes was independently associated with midterm mortality.Midterm survival for patients with AKF was 56％ during a median follow-up of 30.5 months.Survival was equal between the subgroups of Cr ＞ 200 mol/L and Cr ＜ 200 mol/L(P =0.741).Conclusion AKF after acute aortic dissection was a severe complication and the incidence was 9.7％.In patients with AKF,diabetes was associated with increased mortality across follow-up.Five years survival was 56％ not effected by preoperative Cr.

Prophylactic cerebrospinal fluid drainage reduces paraplegia after extensive thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective To evaluate the impact of cerebrospinal fluid drain(CSFD) on the incidence of acute spinal cord injury(SCI) following extensive TAAA repair.Methods From February 2009 to July 2016,153 patients underwent extensive TAAA repairs with a consistent strategy of normal thermia,non-circulatory bypass,sequential aortic cross clamping,aortic-lilac bypass,and intercostal artery reconstruction.The repairs were performed with preoperative CSFD (n =78) or without CSFD (n =75).In the former group,CSFD was inserted after the patient has been anaesthetized and continued for 72 hours after surgery.The target CSF pressure was 10 mmHg or less.Results The mean age of patients was (38 ± 10) years and 108 (70.6％) were male.There were 87 (53.8％) patients with previous aortic surgeries and 33 (22％) with Marfan syndrome.The two groups had similar risk factors for paraplegia.Aortic clamp time,operation time and number of reattached intercostal arteries were similar in both groups.In-hospital mortality rates were 1.3％ (one patient) and 6.7％ (five patients) for CSFD and the group without CSFD,respectively (P =0.086).Ten patients (13.3 ％) in the group without CSFD had paraplegia develop.In contrast,only two patients in the CSFD group(2.6％) had postoperative paraplegia(P =0.013).Stepwise logistic regression analysis identified CSFD had spinal cord protection,P =0.026;OR =0.171;95％ CI:0.036-0.809).No patients occurred CSF catheter related complications.Conclusion This randomized clinical trial showed that preoperative CSFD placement could be an effective strategy in preventing SCI following extensive aortic aneurysm repair.Care should be taken to prevent complications related to overdrainage.